What does SPL measure in audiology?

Sound Pressure Level (SPL) measures the intensity of sound and is commonly expressed in decibels (dB). In audiology, SPL provides an objective way to quantify noise exposure or the loudness of sounds in the environment, which is critical when assessing potential hearing damage or evaluating the effectiveness of hearing protection devices. It is essential for understanding how different sound levels can impact hearing health and for setting appropriate guidelines regarding safe listening levels.

The other options represent different concepts within audiology. Hearing threshold levels pertain to the minimum sound intensity required for a person to hear a tone at least half the time, which is more specific to individual hearing sensitivity rather than general sound measurements. Sound frequencies refer to the pitch of sounds, measured in Hertz (Hz), which is important for understanding the range of human hearing but does not directly relate to SPL. Air pressure levels, although related to sound transmission, do not specifically quantify the intensity of sound in acoustics and audiometry contexts. Hence, the focus of SPL as a measurement is clearly centered on noise and sound intensity, making the correct answer relevant and important in the field of audiology.